全国少工委关于试行《中国少年先锋队教育纲要》的通知
全国少工委
全国少工委关于试行《中国少年先锋队教育纲要》的通知
(一九八八年三月十四日)
各省、自治区、直辖市少工委、全国铁道团委：
最近，中央领导同志一再指出：要从少年儿童抓起，对青少年进行综合的、系统的、长期一贯的思想教育，逐步摆脱那种临时突击、政治运动式的做法。为了贯彻中央有关指示精神，为了对少年儿童深入、系统地进行基础的共产主义教育，配合国家教委有关教育大纲的施行，培养德、智、体、美全面发展的一代新人，全国少工委决定从一九八八年四月开始，在全国各省、自治区、直辖市的部分地区中试行《中国少年先锋队教育纲要》(以下简称《纲要》)。
少先队是整个少年儿童教育的重要组成部分，有着不可替代的特殊教育作用。少先队的教育也有其内在的规律。试行《纲要》的目的，就是为全国少先队教育工作提供一个科学的规范，给各级少先队组织布置、指导、考核少先队工作提供一个重要依据。《纲要》的试行，必将有利于少先队教育与学校教育更加紧密地结合；有利于基层少年工作干部和辅导员深入地开展工作；有利于进一步强化少先队组织的基础建设；使少先队教育减少盲目性和随意性，逐步做到科学化、系统化、制度化、阵地化。
各级少工委要高度重视这项工作，把试行《纲要》当作开创少先队思想教育工作新局面的主要抓手，加强领导，加强研究，与教育行政部门密切配合，有计划地做好试行工作。
为了搞好试行工作，各级少工委要注意以下问题：
一、要认真组织少年工作干部、辅导员学习《纲要》，提高辅导员队伍的政治、业务素质、这是实施《纲要》的关键。各级少工委要采取行之有效的方法，组织辅导员学习领会《纲要》精神，围绕《纲要》的内容和要求进行业务培训，使辅导员具备贯彻《纲要》的水平和能力，自觉地落实《纲要》提出的各项要求。
二、注意突出特点。试行《纲要》，要注意与教育行政部门各有关教育教学大纲的贯彻实行相配合，充分发挥少先队的组织作用，大力开展有少先队特色的活动和工作。
三、坚持从实际出发。我国幅员辽阔，民族众多，各地区的条件和情况区别很大，试行《纲要》要依据当地实际，区别情况，分层次要求，不要搞“一刀切”。
四、试行《纲要》的基层学校，要把这项工作纳入学校整体工作统筹安排。要把《纲要》中规定的内容，化为具体可行的实施细则和工作计划。实施过程中，可以根据实际情况对《纲要》中规定的内容进行必要的调整补充。
五、在本《纲要》试行之前，已经制订并实施本地少先队教育纲要的单位，可以继续实施本地的纲要。这样做有利于多种模式互相比较，取长补短，有利于少先队系统化教育的逐步成熟和完善。
六、各省、自治区、直辖市都要认真选择一部分地区集中试行。至于在多大范围内试行，由各省、自治区、直辖市自行决定。各级少工委负责同志都要亲自抓一两所学校进行试点。要组织力量编写一些分年级或分阶段的活动例选、辅导提纲、辅导参考资料、参考教材，为试点单位提供一些必要的条件。
七、基层学校试行《纲要》以九月正式开始为宜，按学年度进行。各项准备工作应于此前完成。
少先队教育系统化是一项意义重大而又十分艰巨的任务，目前试行的《纲要》，还有待于进一步完善。要做到这一点，需全国广大少年工作干部、辅导员共同努力。要实现少先队教育的系统化，还需要更加深入的理论研讨和实验。试行《纲要》的过程，也是对《纲要》不断补充、完善的过程。各级少工委要注意及时了解情况，总结经验，反映问题，使试行工作顺利进行。
各地试行《纲要》的安排计划，请于五月中旬前报全国少工委办公室宣教处。
中国少年先锋队教育纲要
(试行)
中国少年先锋队是中国共产党创立和领导，并委托共青团直接领导的少年儿童群众组织，是少年儿童学习共产主义的学校，是建设社会主义和共产主义的预备队。少先队是少年儿童教育的重要力量，是学校教育的得力助手。
《纲要》主要依据中国少年先锋队章程制定。在坚持德、智、体、美全面发展、教育与生产劳动相结合的方针的基础上，突出“爱祖国、爱人民、爱科学、爱劳动、爱护公共财物”的思想品德教育。
一、少先队教育的目的
少先队组织要按照“教育要面向世界、面向未来、面向现代化”和“树立创造的志向、培养创造的才干、开展创造性的活动”的精神，贯彻“把全体少年儿童组织起来”的组织发展方针，通过特有的组织教育、丰富多采的活动和队员当家作主的民主的集体生活，让少年儿童从小接受基础的共产主义教育，为培养他们成为有理想、有道德、有知识、有体力、立志为人民、为祖国、为人类作贡献的一代新人打下良好基础。
二、少先队教育的主要原则
方向性原则。坚持用共产主义精神教育少先队员，反对和抵制封建主义和资产阶级腐朽思想对少先队员的腐蚀和影响。共产主义方向性要与社会主义初级阶段的现实相结合，对少先队员行为规范的要求要符合党的基本路线和现行方针、政策和精神；要坚持用“人民的利益高于一切”的崇高的共产主义精神教育他们。
自主性原则。少先队是少年儿童自己的组织，少先队员是队组织的主人翁。要充分发扬民主，让他们从小学会自己管理自己，自己教育自己，发挥主动性、积极性和创造性，学会当家做主人。辅导员要尊重少先队员，尊重各级队的组织，把自己的精心辅导与充分发扬少先队员的主人翁精神结合起来。提倡启发诱导，反对包办代替。
实践性原则。在少先队教育过程中，要引导少年儿童学习知识，懂得道理，更要引导他们在校内校外进行实际锻炼。要带领他们去接触社会，接触大自然，接触现代科学技术，在现实生活中接受教育，得到锻炼。要使他们通过力所能及的实践活动，提高思想觉悟，巩固和加深知识，开发智力，陶冶情操，磨炼意志，增强能力。
趣味性原则。遵循少年儿童生理、心理发展的特点和少年儿童工作的规律，寓教育于知识、寓教育于活动、寓教育于娱乐之中，力求使队的教育工作生动、活泼、丰富、多样、新颖、有趣，具有吸引力和感染力，为少先队员所喜闻乐见。注意防止和克服工作中的一般化、成人化倾向。
创造性原则。通过开展创造性活动的方法，帮助少先队员树立创造志向，培养创造才干。从少先队员的创造能力尚处在低级阶段这个实际出发，要注意引导他们重视学习和继承前人的知识和经验；珍视、爱护他们渴求新知、富于幻想等创造素质的幼芽；逐步培养他们积极主动、敢想敢干、勇于探索、敢于创新的创造精神。
一致性原则。少年儿童教育要依靠学校、少先队、家庭和社会共同进行，互相联系、配合、促进和补充，形成统一的教育整体，保持教育影响的一致性。少先队在这个教育整体中要占据自己应有的正确位置，在学校行政的指导下，要争取和依靠全体教师、广大家长和社会力量做好少先队工作。
此外，正面教育，循循善诱，长善救失；集体主义教育与重视个性发展相结合；教育者以身作则，为人师表，身教重于言教等重要原则，同样是少先队教育必要遵循的。
三、少先队教育的基本内容
(一)学习先锋，热爱祖国
教育少先队员懂得少先队星星火炬队旗的意义，党是少先队的创立者和领导者，党委托共青团直接领导少先队，懂得没有共产党就没有新中国的道理。初步知道入队、入团、入党是人生政治生活中的三件大事。引导少先队员热爱共产党，向往共青团，从小听党的话，做党的好孩子。
教育少先队员珍惜中国少年先锋队的光荣名称；学习、继承中国共产党的光荣传统；向革命先辈、英雄模范、先进人物学习，学习先锋们献身祖国和人民的崇高精神和追求真理、探求新知、实事求是、勇于创新的科学精神。
教育少先队员爱学校、爱家乡、爱祖国、爱社会主义现代化事业，使他们拥护社会主义制度，知道党的改革开放政策好；教育少先队员维护各民族大团结；关心祖国的统一大业；关心世界大事，热爱和平，从小立志，振兴中华。
(二)热爱人民，文明礼貌
要让少先队员懂得队礼的意义，“人民的利益高于一切”是我党行动的最高准则，要教育少先队员逐步做到心中有他人，心中有集体，心中有人民。
培养少先队员的社会主义和共产主义道德风尚，使少先队员从小养成文明礼貌，团结友爱，助人为乐，遵纪守法，尊老爱幼，关心残疾人，敢于同不良现象作斗争的良好行为习惯，教育少先队员遵守学生守则，做文明好少年。
培养“诚实、勇敢、活泼、团结”的少先队作风。
(三)热爱组织、学当主人
教育少先队员懂得自己的标志红旗一角——红领巾的光荣意义，佩戴红领巾，以实际行动珍惜红领巾的荣誉，人人争做好队员。
培养少先队员热爱队组织的感情和组织观念，增强少先队的荣誉感和责任心。开展队的集体活动，培养队的集体舆论，建设奋发向上、团结友爱、民主自理的少先队优秀集体。
要重视培养、发展少先队员自我教育的意识和能力，让他们逐步地学会运用民主的方法，自己管理自己，自己教育自己，做少先队组织的主人翁。
(四)努力学习，热爱科学
教育少先队员明确为祖国而学习的正确目的，把学习与振兴中华的伟大理想联系起来；端正学习态度；培养刻苦认真、专心细致、坚毅有恒、手脑并用、创造性地学习的良好意志品格；学习掌握科学的学习方法；锻炼观察、想象、独立思考和自学、实践、探索、创造的能力；养成良好的学习习惯。
帮助少先队员扩大和丰富文化科学知识，激发求知欲望，培养学习兴趣，养成阅读课外图书、报刊的习惯，努力获取课外知识。
引导少先队员爱科学、学科学、用科学，开展小种植、小饲养、小制作、小实验、小考察、小发明“六小”爱科学活动，锻炼创造才干，培养科学精神。
在辩证唯物主义观点的指导下，引导少先队员从小学习全面正确地看待周围事物，逐步培养分辨是非、善恶、美丑的能力以及分析问题、解决问题的能力。
(五)强壮体魄，培养美感
配合学校进行“为了祖国，锻炼身体，增强体质”的思想教育，提出少先队员为祖国而锻炼身体的责任感。培养坚强的意志和勇敢活泼、不怕困难挫折的性格，以及文明的体育道德，养成坚持锻炼身体的好习惯。
培养少先队员对艺术美、自然美、生活美的感受、鉴赏、表现和创造的初步能力，逐步培养正确的审美观点和艺术修养。
帮助少先队组织积极开展少先队传统的体育和美育活动，定期举办红领巾游戏节、歌舞节、文学故事会、朗诵会、爱家乡远足旅行、夏(冬)令营、营火晚会、检阅式等；积极开展军事体育游戏、冬季象征性接力长跑以及文艺、体育的表演、竞赛、展览和欣赏活动；广泛组织球类、体操、田径、武术、游戏等体育兴趣小组和音乐、舞蹈、文学、戏剧、美术、工艺等美育兴趣小组，使每个少年儿童都有一、二项体育和文艺爱好。
(六)热爱劳动，爱护公物
教育少先队员从小懂得劳动光荣，不劳动可耻；学习是为了准备参加劳动，更好地劳动，做社会主义的劳动者。尊重各行各业的脑力和体力劳动者，学习他们的好品质。
进行粗浅的商品经济教育，让队员懂得一些生产和经营的初步知识，培养队员的时间观念、价值观念、效益观念、信息观念。
配合学校劳动教育。建立少先队的劳动阵地和岗位，培养热爱劳动的良好习惯。引导少 先队员参加自我服务劳动、家务劳动、力所能及的社会公益劳动和种、养、工、编、采等简单的生产劳动，把学习科学知识和劳动实践结合起来，掌握一定的劳动技能，培养勤巧双手。
培养少先队员珍惜劳动成果，爱护公共财物，养成勤俭节约的习惯。
四、分阶段教育的基本内容和要求
第一阶段(小学一、二年级)
1.在高年级友谊中队的帮助下，进行以“我爱红领巾，准备加入少先队”为内容的入队前的组织教育，在学校内开展入队前教育活动。经过一年左右的队前教育，分批或一批发展全体儿童少年入队，组建少先队的中、小队。
2.由高年级友谊中队帮助开展形象、生动的教育活动，让儿童们了解队章主要精神，使他们做到六知四会一做(六知：知道队名、队旗、红领巾、队礼的意义、队的领导者和队的作风；四会：会戴红领巾、行队礼、唱队歌、呼号；一做：入队前按队章要求做一件好事)
3.进行党旗、团旗、队旗的教育，使儿童初步懂得它们的图案所表示的意义，红旗是无数革命先烈的鲜血染成，要尊敬和爱护红旗；各讲一名为革命和建设事业而献身的党员、团员和少先英雄的故事；帮助儿童初步懂得党、团、队的关系。
4.配合低年级思想品德课中爱祖国的教学内容，组织以热爱家乡为主要内容的参观、访问等活动，让儿童受到教育。
5.开展队礼和队的作风教育，引导儿童向雷锋同志学习，爱同学、爱老师、爱家长；懂礼貌、讲谦让；要诚实、不说谎。
6.在“小辅导员”帮助下，让儿童学习自己选举队长，自己开展小队活动，自己管理一些简单的集体小家务，从小培养自理自立能力。
7.开展培养良好学习习惯的教育活动，养成认真听讲、按时作业、专心细致、动手动脑、遵守时间等良好学习习惯。
8.教育儿童向各种先锋人物学习，学习他们从小爱学习、爱动脑、爱创造的精神；组织儿童到大自然里去识别一些动植物，观察一些自然现象；开展纸工、泥工等简易小制作活动，从小培养爱动手的习惯；开展智力游戏，开发儿童智力。
9.鼓励儿童订阅《中国儿童报》等儿童报刊，培养收听收看广播、电视中儿童节目的习惯，组织他们阅读课外图书。
10.举行“家乡山河美”春(秋)游活动。锻炼队员的体力，培养美感。
11.帮助儿童学会几首少先队推荐歌曲，学会跳几个集体舞蹈，组织他们开展朗诵儿歌比赛，讲童话故事，画画、写毛笔字、自编自演小剧活动。开展游戏比赛和小皮球、兵乓球、跳皮筋、扔沙包等游戏性体育活动。
12.参加工人、农民或其他劳动者的生产劳动和劳动成果，使儿童初步懂得劳动创造财富、劳动需要文化知识，培养尊敬劳动人民的感情。
13.教育儿童从小学习生活自理，学会自己洗红领巾、整理书包，学会自己打扫房间，做值日，开展自我服务的训练和竞赛。
14.教育儿童爱护树木、花草，爱护公共财物，爱惜一张纸、一滴水、一粒粮、一度电，不乱花零钱，从小处做起，养成节约习惯。
第二阶段(小学三、四年级)
1.教育和帮助少先队员学习革命先辈的光辉业绩和崇高思想，了解本地革命烈士的事迹。有条件的地方可以祭扫烈士墓、纪念碑，参观革命胜地和革命纪念馆。教育少先队员学先锋、树理想，珍惜红领巾的荣誉。
2.配合思想品德课中有关立志、爱国的教学内容，组织少先队员开展热爱家乡、考察了解家乡社会主义现代化建设成就的活动，从中受到教育。
3.把学雷锋与学习其他英模人物结合起来，深化“人民的利益高于一切”的队礼教育。开展“小雷锋在行动”实践活动，帮助队组织建立力所能及的文明岗位和利民岗位，鼓励少先队员在校做个好学生，在家做个好孩子，在社会上做个好少年。
4.组织少先队员学习少先队的历史，了解若干个不同历史时期的少年英雄和优秀队员，全面学习队章，使他们继承少先队的光荣传统，争做好队员。
5.进行“在中队旗帜下携手前进”的集体主义教育，人人为建设奋发向上、团结友爱、民主自理的中、小队集体作贡献。
6.逐步建立和健全中队教育阵地，发动少先队员自己动手建立适合本地本中队特点的“小家务”，人人有岗位，人人都当“小家务”的主公翁。
7.引导队委学习民主管理和民主生活。帮助中、小队委做到“六会”：会听取队员的意见和建议；会制订活动计划；会做活动前的准备工作；会主持中、小队活动；会向上级队长汇报工作；会带领队员玩，学会过民主生活，检查执行队章中规定的五个“都要”(即每个队员都要遵守纪律，服从队的决议，积极参加队的活动，努力完成队组织交给的任务，热心为大家服务)，学会民主评议、民主评选优秀队员、队委和队集体。
8.针对少先队员学习中存在的问题，进行为振兴中华发奋学习的教育，树立正确的学习目的，端正学习态度，培养良好学习习惯和品质。
9.从本地实际条件出发，从爱科学“六小”活动中，选择其中二、三项开展活动，培养少先队员动手动脑、观察、思考、想象的能力，举办爱科学活动成果表演会、展览会。举行爱科学的参观、访问、信息发布、“老博士信箱”等活动，了解、接触先进的科学技术，开展智力游戏和智力竞赛，在玩中长智。
10.帮助队组织开展“红领巾读书读报(刊)”活动，引导少先队员与好的书报(刊)交朋友，订阅《中国儿童报》或《中国少年报》等报刊，每人每学期读2本以上“红读”活动推荐书；继续培养收听、收看广播、电视少儿节目的习惯，扩大课堂知识，激发求知欲望。
11.组织少先队员开展以唱歌、跳舞为主的群众文艺活动，以活动性游戏、球类和两跳(跳绳、跳皮筋)一踢(踢毽)为主要内容的群众体育活动，举行红领巾歌舞节、游戏节等，培养队员的情操和才能。
12.创造条件，积极配合学校组织多种文艺和体育兴趣小组，努力使每个队员都有一种文艺和体育爱好，培养他们的文艺、体育才能。
13.举办一次“一日(含一夜)夏令营”，包括举行营火(或月光)晚会和以小队为炊事单位的野炊活动；结合每年一次的春(秋)游，进行行军活动，锻炼队员意志，培养队员热爱自然，热爱生活的思想感情。
14.引导少先队员了解一个劳动模范的优秀事迹，学习他的优秀品质。进行“劳动不分高低贵贱，为人民服务光荣”、“行行出状元”的教育；尊重和热爱普通劳动者。
15.帮助少先队组织开展“绿、美、洁”行动：种树护树的绿化行动；人人培植、管理一盆花的美化行动；讲究个人卫生、建立学校、家庭卫生岗位的洁化行动。
16.帮助少先队组织开展以自我服务、社会公益活动、简单的生产劳动实践为内容的“勤巧小队”竞赛活动，引导少先队员把勤劳与智慧巧妙地结合起来。
17.开展小储蓄活动，继续进行爱护公物、勤俭节约的教育。
第三阶段(小学五、六年级)
1.组织少先队员学习、了解毛泽东、周恩来、刘少奇、朱德等我国老一辈无产阶级革命家的光荣业绩，懂得他们是中国人民革命的领袖，懂得没有共产党就没有新中国。
2.开展争创“英雄中队”活动，鼓励队员为创建“英雄中队”作出努力。
3.帮助少先队组织开展“红领巾爱国考察团”活动，进行爱国的假想旅行考察。引导少先队员收集实行改革、开放政策的社会主义建设成就，对家乡的山水风光、丰富物产、名胜古迹、历史文化、民间工艺等进行考察，进一步进行爱家乡、爱社会主义祖国的教育。
4.进行“各民族儿童一家亲”的民族大团结教育；统一祖国大业的教育；学习白求恩、罗盛教等国际主义战士的国际主义教育，使少先队员从小立志为人类做贡献。
5.针对少先队员在文明礼貌中的突出问题，开展思想教育活动；帮助少先队组织继续开展“小雷锋在行动”的实践活动，在社会上建立利民岗位，定期开展利民活动，组织少先队员热心为军烈属、残疾人、孤寡老人、幼儿园服务；配合小学思想品德课，开展法纪教育活动，使少先队员从小学法知法。
6.进行少先队“诚实、勇敢、活泼、团结”八字作风的教育，使少先队员了解每个作风的正确含义，用实际行动实践队的作风。
7.实行队干部民主选举和推行队干部轮换制，把具有各种特长的队员吸收到队委会里，让更多的队员受到领导、管理能力的锻炼。加强对中、小队委和积极分子的培训，提高队干部民主、自理的水平。
8.发挥集体智慧开展创造性小队活动竞赛，评选最佳小队活动和最佳小队长，培养队员的集体荣誉感和创造精神。
9.加强少先队的“小家务”建设。丰富内容，创新形式，提高阵地的质量和教育效益。
10.发动少先队员与低年级建立友谊中队，帮助做好建队工作，工展建队后的队活动，讲传统、带作风、做表率。
11.开展“做合格毕业生”教育活动，鼓励少先队员把优秀成绩留给母校，把优良作风留给弟妹，把感激之心留给敬爱的老师，用自己的双手为母校留下一点纪念礼物。
12.教育少先队员以中外科学家和先锋人物为榜样，学习他们不怕困难、坚毅不拔、刻苦钻研、奉献人民的精神，激励队员学好功课。
13.帮助少先队组织继续开展爱科学“六小”活动，成立各种兴趣小组，举办“六小”成果评比会，提高他们动手动脑、观察、想象、实践和创新的能力，组织队员参观附近的工厂、农场、科技单位、大中学校的实验室、试验田、先进设备和技术革新，引导他们懂得建设祖国、赶超世界先进水平就要刻苦学习先进的科学技术知识的道理。
14.帮助少先队组织继续开展“红领巾读书读报(刊)”活动，使少先队员进一步养成读报、读书、坚持收听、收看少年儿童和“新闻联播”节目，主动关心国家大事的习惯，提倡每个队员每学期要读3本以上“红读”推荐书籍，开展“红读”竞赛活动，评选“红读”积极分子，强化自觉读书意识。
15.举办三日以上的夏(冬)令营或开展“参军一日”(含一夜)的学军活动，包括举行一次以二、三个队员为单位的野炊活动。每年举行一次旅行活动，培养队员强壮的体魄。
16.积极开展少先队操练和检阅、军事体育、军事游戏，举行各类体育比赛；继续配合学校组织多种文艺、体育兴趣小组；举办文学小创作、音乐欣赏、美术工艺展览、歌舞表演、营火(月光)晚会并举行汇报演出等，使每个少先队员都有一种文艺和体育活动的特长。
17.结合学校对高年级的劳动教育要求，帮助队员学习一些劳动的技能技巧；继续开展“绿、美、洁”行动和“勤巧队员”、“勤巧小队”竞赛活动，不断创新活动形式，丰富活动内容，深化劳动教育。
第四阶段(初中一、二年级)
1.搞好中、小学少先队的衔接，做好迎新、交接队组织关系和编队工作，在增进队员相互了解的基础上，民主选举队委会和小队长，对队员进行中学少先队光荣传统教育，熟悉新环境，热爱新集体。
2.加强共青团对少先队的直接领导，与高中班级建立联谊关系，由高中团支部选派最优秀的团员担任辅导员，开展团、队联会、友谊班联谊活动，使少年们了解共青团，向往共青团。
3.帮助少年们了解巴黎公社、十月革命、南昌起义三个伟大历史事件，懂得工人阶级革命的第一面红旗，社会主义国家的第一面红旗，中国共产党领导武装斗争的第一面红旗的重大历史意义，深化红领巾是红旗一角的教育，引导他们树立共产主义理想。
4让少年们知道党的一些重大历史事件，引导他们接触建设社会主义强国的沸腾生活，理解改革开放方针政策的正确性，懂得党的光荣与伟大，更加热爱中国共产党。
5.开展“爱国者之歌”的教育活动，引导少年向古今中外伟大爱国者学习，强化热爱中华、振兴中华的理想教育。
6.加强社会主义道德教育和法纪教育，培养队员明辨是非，自觉遵纪守法，抵制各种不良影响的能力，组织中、小队和队员在学校、社会、家庭建立文明岗位。进行青春期生理心理、道德教育，引导少年建立正常的男女同学之间的友谊，培养自尊互尊和自我约束的能力。
7.进行“星星火炬照前程，闪闪团徽映青春”的系列教育。“在队旗下成长”，回忆、总结少先队生活的历程，珍惜红领巾的荣誉；“迈好青春第一步”，正确认识青春的意义和价值，树立正确人生观；举办“少年团校”，进行共青团基础知识教育，与校内外优秀团员建立友谊，争取加入共青团。
8.引导少先队员建立、健全具有中学少年特点的各种少先队“小家务”人人参加管理，当“小家务”的主人。
9.针对中学功课门类骤增、内容加深、讲授方法变化的特点，搞好中、小学的学习衔接，使少先队员了解各门新功课的重要意义，培养自觉学习的态度和自学的能力，交流科学的学习方法，引导他们开展学习互助，避免学习上的两极分化。
10.引导少先队员接触先进的科学技术，举办各类科学技术的讲座和报告会，组织参观、考察和社会实践活动，与科技工作者会面，建立联系。创造性地开展“六小”爱科学活动，训练、培养创造性思维的能力，学习掌握一些创造技法；开展智力游戏和智力竞赛，开发智力和能力。
11.继续开展“红领巾读书读报(刊)”活动，鼓励队员订阅《中学生》、《中国少年报》等报刊，每学期读5本以上“红读”推荐书，引导他们积极开展阅读欣赏、评论活动；继续养成收听、收看“新闻联播”的习惯，关心国家大事和世界大事。
12.帮助少先队组织举行野营活动或“参军三日”活动。每年举行一次旅行活动或组织“自行车旅行团”，锻炼意志，增强体质。
13.配合学校组织多种文艺、体育社团，开展各种文艺、体育的欣赏、表演和竞赛活动。培养每个少年都有一、两项文艺和体育爱好，并有所长。
14.配合学校进行热爱劳动的教育，懂得行行出状元的道理，尊重各行各业普通劳动者；积极开展有少先队传统特色的种植、饲养、编织、修理、采集等生产劳动和多种社会公益活动，帮助他们学习初步的职业技能，掌握一些劳动技巧，懂得一些商品生产和商品经营的知识。为大部分学生初中毕业后走向社会打下一定的思想和技能基础。
15.做好离队工作，中队向团委推荐优秀队员入团，举行隆重的离队仪式，同时在离队仪式上举行队员入团宣誓。离队前组织离队少年为学校、少先队或社会做一件有纪念意义的好事情。
少先队大队要根据《纲要》精神，定期举行大队活动或年级的中队联合活动，积极开展全大队的传统活动和假期活动，并做好大队一级的阵地建设工作。还可以根据需要，集中倡导一些有影响的主题教育活动和竞赛活动。大队活动和工作要有利于带动、促进中、小队活动的蓬勃开展。
(注：小学五年制学校，三年级为第二阶段，四、五年级为第三阶段，《纲要》中规定的内容可作调整。)
CONTROL OF EXEMPTION CLAUSES ORDINANCE ——附加英文版
Hong Kong
CONTROL OF EXEMPTION CLAUSES ORDINANCE
(CHAPTER 71)
CONTENTS
ion
I PRELIMINARY
hort title
nterpretation and application
he "reasonableness" test
Dealing as consumer"
arieties of exemption clause
ower to amend Schedules 1 and 2
II CONTROL OF EXEMPTION CLAUSES
dance of liability for negligence, breach of contract, etc.
egligence liability
iability arising in contract
nreasonable indemnity clauses Liability arising from sale or
supply of
s
"Guarantee" of consumer goods
Seller's liability
Miscellaneous contracts under which goods pass Other provisions
about
racts
Effect of breach on "reasonableness" test
Evasion by means of secondary contract
Arbitration agreements
III CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE CONTROL DOES NOT APPLY
International supply contracts
Choice of law clauses
Saving for other relevant legislation
Application
IV CONSEQUENTIAL AND OTHER AMENDMENTS
(Omitted)
dule 1. Scope of sections 7, 8, 9 and 12
dule 2. "Guidelines" for application of reasonableness test
dule 3. (Omitted)
Whole document
imit the extent to which civil liability for breach of contract,
or
negligence or other breach of duty, can be avoided by
means of
ract terms and otherwise; and to restrict the
enforceability of
tration agreements. [1 December 1990] L. N. 38 of 1990
PART I PRELIMINARY
hort title
Ordinance may be cited as the Control of Exemption Clauses
Ordinance.
nterpretation and application
In this Ordinance--
iness" includes a profession and the activities of a public
body, a
ic authority, or a board, commission, committee or
other body
inted by the Governor or Government;
ds" has the same meaning as in the Sale of Goods Ordinance (Cap.
26);
ligence" means the breach--
of any obligation, arising from the express or implied terms
of a
ract, to take reasonable care or exercise reasonable skill
in the
ormance of the contract;
of any common law duty to take reasonable care or exercise
reasonable
l (but not any stricter duty);
of the common duty of care imposed by the Occupiers
Liability
nance (Cap. 314); "notice" includes an announcement, whether or
not in
hing, and any other communication or pretended communication;
sonal injury" includes any disease and any impairment of
physical or
al condition.
In the case of both contract and tort, sections 7 to 12 apply
(except
e the contrary is stated in section 11 (4)) only to
business
ility, that is liability for breach of obligations or duties
arising--
from things done or omitted to be done by a person in the course
of a
ness (whether his own business or another's); or
from the occupation of premises used for business purposes
of the
pier, and references to liability are to be read
accordingly; but
ility of an occupier of premises for breach of an obligation or
duty
rds a person obtaining access to the premises for
recreational or
ational purposes, being liability for loss or damage
suffered by
on of the dangerous state of the premises, is not a business
liability
he occupier unless granting that person such access for the
purposes
erned falls within the business purposes of the occupier.
In relation to any breach of duty or obligation, it is
immaterial
her the breach was inadvertent or intentional, or whether
liability
it arises directly or vicariously.
1977 c. 50 ss. 1&14 U. K.]
he "reasonableness" test
In relation to a contract term, the requirement of reasonableness
for
purposes of this Ordinance and section 4 of the
Misrepresentation
nance (Cap. 284) is satisfied only if the court or
arbitrator
rmines that the term was a fair and reasonable one to be
included
ng regard to the circumstances which were, or ought reasonably
to have
, known to or in the contemplation of the parties when the
contract
made.
In determining for the purposes of section 11 or 12 whether a
contract
satisfies the requirement of reasonableness, the court or
arbitrator
l have regard in particular to the matters specified in
Schedule 2;
this subsection does not prevent the court or arbitrator from
holding,
ccordance with any rule of law, that a term which purports to
exclude
estrict any relevant liability is not a term of the contract.
In relation to a notice (not being a notice having
contractual
ct), the requirement of reasonableness under this
Ordinance is
sfied only if the court or arbitrator determines that it would
be fair
reasonable to allow reliance on it, having regard to
all the
umstances obtaining when the liability arose or (but for the
notice)
d have arisen.
In determining (under this Ordinance or the
Misrepresentation
nance (Cap. 284)) whether a contract term or notice
satisfies the
irement of reasonableness, the court or arbitrator shall have
regard
articular (but without prejudice to subsection (2) to whether
(and, if
to what extent) the language in which the term or notice is
expressed
language understood by the person as against whom another
person
s to rely upon the term or notice.
Where by reference to a contract term or notice a person
seeks to
rict liability to a specified sum of money, and the question
arises
er this Ordinance or the Misrepresentation Ordinance (Cap.
284))
her the term or notice satisfies the requirement of
reasonableness,
court or arbitrator shall have regard in particular (but
without
udice to subsection (2) or (4)) to--
the resources which he could expect to be available to him for
the
ose of meeting the liability should it arise; and
how far it was open to him to cover himself by insurance.
It is for the person claiming that a contract term or notice
satisfies
requirement of reasonableness to prove that it does.
1977 c. 50 s. 11 U. K.]
Dealing as consumer"
A party to a contract "deals as consumer" in relation to another
party
he neither makes the contract in the course of a business nor
holds
elf out as doing so;
the other party does make the contract in the course of a
business;
in the case of a contract governed by the law of sale of goods
or by
ion 12, the goods passing under or in pursuance of the contract
are of
pe ordinarily supplied for private use or consumption.
Notwithstanding subsection (1), on a sale by auction or by
competitive
er the buyer is not in any circumstances to be regarded as dealing
as
umer.
It is for the person claiming that a party does not deal as
consumer
rove that he does not.
1977 c. 50 s. 12 U. K.]
arieties of exemption clause
To the extent that this Ordinance prevents the
exclusion or
riction of any liability it also prevents--
making the liability or its enforcement subject to
restrictive or
ous conditions;
excluding or restricting any right or remedy in respect
of the
ility, or subjecting a person to any prejudice in consequence of
his
uing any such right or remedy;
excluding or restricting rules of evidence or procedure, and (to
that
nt) sections 7, 10, 11 and 12 also prevent excluding or
restricting
ility by reference to terms and notices which exclude or
restrict
relevant obligation or duty.
An agreement in writing to submit present or future
differences to
tration is not to be treated under this Ordinance as
excluding or
ricting any liability. [cf. 1977 c. 50 s. 13 U. K.]
ower to amend Schedules 1 and 2
Legislative Council may by resolution amend Schedules 1 and 2.
PART II CONTROL OF EXEMPTION CLAUSES
dance of liability for negligence, breach of contract, etc.
egligence liability
A person cannot by reference to any contract term or to a notice
given
ersons generally or to particular persons exclude or
restrict his
ility for death or personal injury resulting from negligence.
In the case of other loss or damage, a person cannot so
exclude or
rict his liability for negligence except in so far as the
term or
ce satisfies the requirement of reasonableness.
Where a contract term or notice purports to exclude or
restrict
ility for negligence a person's agreement to or awareness of it
is not
tself to be taken as indicating his voluntary acceptance of any
risk.
1977 c. 50 s. 2 U. K.]
iability arising in contract
This section applies as between contracting parties where one of
them
s as consumer or on the other's written standard terms of
business.
As against that party, the other cannot by reference to any
contract
--
When himself in breach of contract, exclude or restrict any
liability
is in respect of the breach; or
claim to be entitled--
to render a contractual performance substantially different from
that
h was reasonably expected of him; or
in respect of the whole or any part of his contractual obligation,
to
er no performance at all,
pt in so far as (in any of the cases mentioned above
in this
ection) the contract term satisfies the requirement of
reasonableness.
1977 c. 50 s. 3 U. K.]
nreasonable indemnity clauses
A person dealing as consumer cannot by reference to any contract
term
ade to indemnify another person (whether a party to the
contract or
in respect of liability that may be incurred by the
other for
igence or breach of contract, except in so far as the contract
term
sfies the requirement of reasonableness.
This section applies whether the liability in question--
is directly that of the person to be indemnified or is incurred
by him
riously;
is to the person dealing as consumer or to someone else. [cf. 1977
c.
. 4 U. K.]
ility arising from sale or supply of goods
"Guarantee" of consumer goods
In the case of goods of a type ordinarily supplied for private
use or
umption, where loss or damage--
arises from the goods proving defective while in consumer use;
and
results from the negligence of a person concerned in the
manufacture
istribution of the goods, liability for the loss or damage
cannot be
uded or restricted by reference to any contract term or
notice
ained in or operating by reference to a guarantee of the goods.
For these purposes--
goods are to be regarded as "in consumer use" when a person is
using
, or has them in his possession for use, otherwise than
exclusively
the purposes of a business; and
anything in writing is a guarantee if it contains or
purports to
ain some promise or assurance (however worded or
presented) that
cts will be made good by complete or partial replacement,
or by
ir, monetary compensation or otherwise.
This section does not apply as between the parties to a contract
under
n pursuance of which possession or ownership of the goods passed.
1977 c. 50 s. 5 U. K.]
Seller's liability
Liability for breach of the obligations arising from section 14
of the
of Goods Ordinance (Cap. 26) (seller's implied undertakings
as to
e, etc.) cannot be excluded or restricted by reference to any
contract
.
As against a person dealing as consumer, liability for breach of
the
gations arising from section 15, 16 or 17 of the Sale of
Goods
nance (Cap. 26) (seller's implied undertakings as to
conformity of
s with description or sample, or as to their quality or fitness
for a
icular purpose) cannot be excluded or restricted by reference to
any
ract term.
As against a person dealing otherwise than as consumer, the
liability
ified in subsection (2) can be excluded or restricted by reference
to
ntract term, but only in so far as the term satisfies the
requirement
easonableness.
The liabilities referred to in this section are not only the
business
ilities defined by section 2 (2), but include those arising under
any
ract of sale of goods. [cf. 1977 c. 50 s. 6 U. K.]
Miscellaneous contracts under which goods pass
Where the possession or ownership of goods passes
under or in
uance of a contract not governed by the law of sale of
goods,
ection (2) to (4) apply in relation to the effect (if any) that
the
t or arbitrator is to give to contract terms excluding or
restricting
ility for breach of obligation arising by implication of law from
the
re of the contract.
As against a person dealing as consumer, liability in respect of
the
's correspondence with description or sample, or their
quality or
ess for any particular purpose, cannot be excluded or
restricted by
rence to any such term.
As against a person dealing otherwise than as consumer, that
liability
be excluded or restricted by reference to such a term, but only
in so
as the term satisfies the requirement of reasonableness.
Liability in respect of--
the right to transfer ownership of the goods, or give possession;
or
the assurance of quiet possession to a person taking
goods in
uance of the contract, cannot be excluded or restricted by
reference
ny such term except in so far as the term satisfies the requirement
of
onableness. [cf. 1977 c. 50 s. 7 U. K.]
r provisions about contracts
Effect of breach on "reasonableness" test
Where for reliance upon it a contract term has to
satisfy the
irement of reasonableness, it may be found to do so and be
given
ct accordingly notwithstanding that the contract has been
terminated
er by breach or by a party electing to treat it as repudiated.
Where on a breach the contract is nevertheless affirmed by a
party
tled to treat as repudiated, this does not of itself
exclude the
irement of reasonableness in relation to any contract term.
1977 c. 50 s. 9 U. K.]
Evasion by means of secondary contract
rson is not bound by any contract term prejudicing or taking
away
ts of his which arise under, or in connection with the performance
of,
her contract, so far as those rights extend to the
enforcement of
her's liability which this Ordinance prevents that
other from
uding or restricting.
1977 c. 50 s. 10 U. K.]
Arbitration agreements
As against a person dealing as consumer, an agreement to submit
future
erences to arbitration cannot be enforced except--
with his written consent signified after the differences in
question
arisen; or
where he has himself had recourse to arbitration in pursuance of
the
ement in respect of any differences.
Subsection (1) does not affect--
the enforcement of an international arbitration agreement
within the
ing of section 2 (1) of the Arbitration Ordinance (Cap. 341);
laced 76 of 1990 s. 2)
the resolution of differences arising under any contract so far
as it
by virtue of Schedule 1, excluded from the operation of section
7, 8,
12.
PART III CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE CONTROL DOES NOT APPLY
International supply contracts
The limits imposed by this Ordinance on the extent to which a
person
exclude or restrict liability by reference to a contract term do
not
y to liability arising under an international supply contract.
The terms of an international supply contract are not subject to
any
irement of reasonableness under section 8 or 9.
For the purposes of this section, an international supply
contract
s a contract--
that is either a contract of sale of goods or a contract under
or in
uance of which the possession or ownership of goods passes;
that is made by parties whose places of business (or, if they
have
, habitual residences) are in the territories of different
States or
in and outside Hong Kong; and
in the case of which--
the goods in question are, at the time of the conclusion
of the
ract, in the course of carriage, or will be carried,
from the
itory of one State to the territory of another, or to or from
Hong
from or to a place outside Hong Kong; or
the acts constituting the offer and acceptance have been done in
the
itories of different States or in and outside Hong Kong; or
) the contract provides for the goods to be delivered to the
territory
State other than that within whose territory the acts
constituting
offer and acceptance were done; or
the acts constituting the offer and acceptance were done in Hong
Kong
the contract provides for the goods to be delivered outside Hong
Kong;
the acts constituting the offer and acceptance were done outside
Hong
and the contract provides for the goods to be delivered to Hong
Kong.
1977 c. 50 s. 26 U. K.]
Choice of law clauses
Where the proper law of a contract is the law of Hong Kong only
by
ce of the parties (and apart from that choice would be the law
of some
r country) sections 7 to 12 do not operate as part of the proper
law.
This Ordinance has effect notwithstanding any contract
term which
ies or purports to apply the law of some other country, where
(either
oth)--
the term appears to the court or arbitrator to have been
imposed
ly or mainly for the purpose of enabling the party imposing
it to
e the operation of this Ordinance; or
in the making of the contract one of the parties dealt as
consumer,
he was then habitually resident in Hong Kong, and the essential
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